地质灾害不过是结构暴力的物理显影Natural Disasters as Physical Manifestations of Structural Violence
7.8 级地震,35 人死亡,数百人受伤。在常规新闻叙事里,这被归类为“不可抗力”的自然灾害。但如果套用加尔通的暴力三角,你会发现所谓的 Natural Disaster 只是一个掩体,掩盖了极其残酷的 structural violence。
为什么建筑会坍塌?为什么人们会被困在废墟里?因为在菲律宾这样的后殖民地缘结构中,建筑标准、城市规划和救灾资源分配从未真正覆盖到底层。那些死在坍塌建筑里的人,在地震发生前,就已经在长期的资源剥夺和制度性忽视中被“预先杀死了”。
这种 structural violence 往往由一套文化叙事来背书:将贫穷描述为“运气不好”或“发展中”,从而让人们接受一种现状——即某些人的生命在面对物理冲击时,天然地比另一些人更脆弱。这种脆弱不是生物性的,而是由权力结构定义的。当一个国家无法提供最基础的抗震居住权时,每一次地震其实都是一次结构性暴力的集中兑现。
A 7.8 magnitude earthquake, 35 dead, hundreds injured. Conventional news frames this as an 'act of God' or a natural disaster. But through the lens of the Violence Triangle, 'Natural Disaster' is merely a cover for brutal structural violence.
Why do buildings collapse? Why are people trapped in ruins? In the post-colonial geopolitical structure of the Philippines, building codes, urban planning, and disaster relief resources have never truly reached the bottom. Those who died in the rubble were 'pre-killed' by long-term resource deprivation and systemic neglect long before the first tremor hit.
This structural violence is legitimized by a specific cultural narrative: framing poverty as 'bad luck' or 'developing,' making people accept the premise that some lives are naturally more fragile than others when facing physical impact. This fragility is not biological; it is defined by the power structure. When a state fails to provide the basic right to earthquake-resistant housing, every quake is simply the concentrated realization of structural violence.