南非排外运动:一种被重新包装的种族殖民逻辑South Africa's Xenophobia: A Repackaged Logic of Racial Colonialism
南非这场针对非洲移民的“Abahambe!”运动,本质上是一次典型的表达武器化。当国家机器在提供经济安全和服务方面完全 abdicated(弃职)时,统治阶层通过制造“我们 vs 他们”的叙事,将底层民众的生存焦虑从“对体制的愤怒”精准地转移到了“对同类的仇恨”上。这是一种极其阴险的认知入口操纵:让同样被剥削的穷人通过攻击更弱势的移民,在心理上获得一种虚假的“身份优越感”。
最令人作呕的共谋在于,这次暴力不仅得到了主流媒体的 legitimised(合法化)背书,甚至得到了总统拉马福萨的某种程度上的默认。当权力中心开始与排外领袖握手,这意味着“排外”已经从一种自发的社会冲突,变成了结构性暴力的一部分。这种逻辑与当年的种族隔离(Apartheid)毫无二致——通过定义谁是“合法”的公民,谁是“非法”的入侵者,来维持一个极其不稳定的权力秩序。
这种暴力是典型的元暴力(Meta Violence)在地域层面的延伸。南非黑人中产阶级通过与非洲其他地区拉开“财富距离”,在潜意识中内化了殖民者的分而治之逻辑。他们不再将自己视为被殖民的原初种族的一员,而是试图通过扮演“文明的南非公民”来获得在现有结构中的最优解表达。但这种通过出卖同类换取的安全感是假的,因为只要“定义异类”的权力依然掌握在那些失效的统治者手中,下一个被定义为“必须离开”的人,依然会是他们自己。
The "Abahambe!" campaign in South Africa is a textbook case of the weaponisation of expression. When the state has completely abdicated its role in providing economic security, the ruling class manipulates the cognitive entrance, precisely shifting the survival anxiety of the poor from "rage against the system" to "hatred of peers." This is a sinister maneuver: forcing the exploited to attack even more vulnerable migrants to gain a fraudulent sense of "identity superiority."
The most repulsive complicity lies in how this violence is legitimised by mainstream media and even acknowledged by President Ramaphosa. When the center of power shakes hands with xenophobic leaders, "xenophobia" ceases to be a spontaneous social conflict and becomes a tool of structural violence. This is the exact same logic as Apartheid—maintaining an unstable power order by defining who is a "legitimate" citizen and who is an "illegal" invader.
This is a manifestation of meta-violence on a regional scale. The Black middle class in South Africa, by emphasizing a "wealth gap" with the rest of the continent, has subconsciously internalized the colonial logic of divide-and-rule. They no longer see themselves as part of the Primal Race that was colonized, but attempt to achieve a fake optimal expression by playing the role of the "civilized South African." However, the security bought by betraying their own is a scam; as long as the power to define "the other" remains with the failing rulers, they too will eventually be defined as those who "must go."