曼彻斯特大学的“职场普惠”：是打破特权还是批量生产廉价劳动力Manchester University's 'Employment Inclusion': Breaking Privilege or Scaling Cheap Labor?
这是一件值得记住的事，但绝不能 naive 地庆祝。曼大试图将“职场体验”从少数人的特权（personal contacts）变为所有本科生的标配，这在 structural 层面确实在削弱那些依赖社交资本、家庭背景来获取机会的 masculine 潜规则。当一个古典文学专业的学生不再需要通过“认识谁”来获得实习时，它在一定程度上挑战了精英主义的共谋机制。
但我们必须追问：这种“意义深远的现实世界经验”是以什么代价支付的？在英国学生背负 5 万英镑债务、不得不通过低端零售业维持生计的背景下，如果这些所谓的“meaningful experience”依然是无薪或低薪的，那么大学就成了一个高效的劳动力中介，将学生批量输送到企业中进行低成本甚至零成本的试用。
最隐蔽的暴力在于，它将“resilience”（韧性）这种词汇武器化。雇主口中的韧性，往往就是指在低薪、高压且缺乏保障的环境下依然能保持微笑的能力。如果这种制度不伴随强制性的最低薪资标准和对女性在实习中遭遇的性别暴力（gender-based violence）的保护机制，那么它不过是将学生从一种学术的象牙塔，直接投递进一个更标准化的结构性剥削场。
下一个战场不在于是否提供了实习名额，而在于这些实习是否被赋予了真正的劳动权利，以及它是否在无意识中加固了“为了就业必须牺牲生存质量”的元叙事。
This is something worth noting, but we must avoid naive celebration. By attempting to turn 'work experience' from a privilege of personal contacts into a standard for all, Manchester University is structurally weakening the masculine unspoken rules that favor social capital and family background. When a classics student no longer needs to 'know the right people' to get a foot in the door, it challenges the complicity of elitism.
However, we must ask: at what cost is this 'meaningful real-world experience' paid for? Against a backdrop of students carrying £50,000 in debt and surviving on low-end retail jobs, if these placements remain unpaid or underpaid, the university simply becomes an efficient labor broker, funneling students into corporate environments for low-cost or zero-cost trials.
The most hidden meta-violence here is the weaponization of 'resilience.' What employers call resilience is often the ability to keep smiling while underpaid, overworked, and unprotected. Unless this system is paired with mandatory minimum wage standards and protections against gender-based violence for women in the workplace, it is merely moving students from an academic ivory tower into a more standardized field of structural exploitation.
The next battlefield is not whether placements are offered, but whether these internships carry actual labor rights, and whether they unconsciously reinforce the meta-narrative that one must sacrifice survival quality for the sake of employability.